Umuzingi wa Diamond Umuzingi: Igitabo Cyuzuye Kubiranga, Ikoranabuhanga, Ibyiza & Porogaramu

Mw'isi yo gusya neza no gukata neza, ibiziga bya diyama igaragara nk'igikoresho gihindura umukino-cyagenewe guhangana n'ibikoresho bikomeye, byoroshye kandi bitavuguruzanya. Bitandukanye n’ibiziga gakondo byangiza, ibyo bikoresho byihariye bifashisha ubukana bwa diyama (ibintu bisanzwe bizwi cyane) kugirango bitange ibisubizo bihamye, bigatuma biba ingenzi mu nganda kuva mu kirere kugeza kuri elegitoroniki. Aka gatabo karasenya ibintu byose ukeneye kumenya kubyerekeranye na diamant umwirondoro wa diyama: ibiranga ibyingenzi, ibisobanuro bya tekiniki, ibyiza byihariye, hamwe nukuri kwisi.

Umuziga wa Diamond ni iki?

Ibiziga bya diyama ni ibikoresho byangiza kandi bifite ubuso bukora neza (“umwirondoro”) byashyizwemo na grit ya diyama. Ibice bya diyama - byaba bisanzwe cyangwa sintetike - bihujwe nicyuma, resin, cyangwa vitrified base, bigakora igikoresho gishobora gusya, gushushanya, cyangwa kurangiza ibikoresho birwanya imiti isanzwe (urugero, ikirahure, ububumbyi, amabuye, nicyuma gikomeye nka karubide ya tungsten).

"Umwirondoro" mwizina ryabo bivuga uruziga rwihariye rwa geometrike - imyirondoro isanzwe irimo V-grooves, radii, chamfers, cyangwa imiterere yihariye. Igishushanyo cyemerera uruziga kwigana imiterere igoye kumurimo wakazi, bikuraho ibikenerwa kurangiza kabiri no kubika umwanya mubikorwa.

Ibyingenzi Byibanze bya Diamond Umwirondoro

Ibiziga bya diyama bisobanurwa nibintu bine byingenzi bibatandukanya nibikoresho bisanzwe byo gukuramo:

1. Diamond Grit: Ibyiza byo gukomera

Diamond grit numutima wizi nziga. Bitandukanye na aluminium oxyde cyangwa karubide ya silikoni (ikoreshwa mu ruziga gakondo), diyama ifite igipimo cya Mohs ingana na 10 (ishoboka cyane), ikabasha guca mu bikoresho bifite ubukana bugera kuri 9 ku gipimo cya Mohs (urugero, safiro, quartz, na ceramika yateye imbere).

Ingano ya Grit: Impinduka kuva mubi (46-80 grit) kugirango ikuremo ibintu byihuse kugeza neza (325–1200 grit) kugirango irangire neza. Coarse grit nibyiza gushushanya, mugihe grit nziza itanga ubuso bunoze, busize.
Ubwoko bwa Grit: Diyama yubukorikori (ikunze kugaragara) itanga ubuziranenge kandi buhendutse, mugihe diyama isanzwe ikoreshwa mubikorwa bya ultra-precision (urugero, gukora semiconductor).

2. Ibikoresho bifatika: Kugena imikorere yibiziga

Inkunga ifata diyama mu mwanya kandi ikagira ingaruka kumurambararo, kugabanya umuvuduko, no kurangiza ubuziranenge. Ubwoko butatu bwubwishingizi bukoreshwa:

Ubwoko bw'ingwate	Imico y'ingenzi	Ibyiza Kuri
Bond Bond (Bronze, Nickel)	Kuramba cyane, kwambara buhoro, byiza gusya cyane	Gukora ibyuma bikomeye (tungsten karbide), ibuye, nikirahure
Resin Bond (Epoxy, Fenolike)	Gukata vuba, kurangiza neza, kubyara ubushyuhe buke	Kurangiza neza ububumbyi, semiconductor, nibikoresho bya optique
Vitrified Bond (Ikirahure-Ceramic)	Gukomera cyane, kurwanya imiti, nibyiza byo gusya byihuse	Ibice byo mu kirere (titanium alloys), ibice byimodoka, nicyuma cyibikoresho

3. Kwerekana neza: Imiterere yihariye kubikorwa byihariye

Bitandukanye niziga rusange, ibiziga bya diyama byakozwe na geometrike yihariye kugirango ihuze nakazi gasabwa. Umwirondoro rusange urimo:

V-grooves (yo guca ibirahuri by'ibirahure cyangwa insulirateri ceramic)
Radii (kumpande zegeranye kubikoresho byubuvuzi cyangwa lensike yimodoka)
Chamfers (kubice byicyuma cyangwa kurangiza waferi ya semiconductor)
Umwirondoro wa 3D igoye (kubirere byo mu kirere cyangwa gushiramo amenyo)

Ubu busobanuro bukuraho "gukeka" mubikorwa, kwemeza ko buri gihangano cyujuje kwihanganira cyane (akenshi kiri munsi ya ± 0.001 mm).

4. Kurwanya Ubushyuhe: Kurinda Ibikorwa niziga

Amashanyarazi menshi ya Diamond (inshuro eshanu z'umuringa) afasha gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe mugihe cyo gusya - ni ngombwa mu gukumira ibyangiritse ku kazi (urugero, kumena ibirahuri cyangwa gutobora ibyuma). Byongeye kandi, ibikoresho byububiko nka resin cyangwa vitrified byakozwe kugirango birwanye ubushyuhe, byongerera igihe uruziga kandi bikomeza gukora neza.

Ibisobanuro bya tekiniki byo gusuzuma

Mugihe uhitamo uruziga rwa diyama, gusobanukirwa ibi bikoresho bya tekiniki byerekana imikorere myiza:

Ikiziga c'ibiziga: Itandukana kuva mm 50 (ibikoresho bito, intoki) kugeza kuri mm 600 (gusya inganda). Ibipimo binini bikwiranye n’umusaruro mwinshi, mugihe ibiziga bito nibyiza kubikorwa byuzuye (urugero, gukora imitako).
Kwihanganira Umwirondoro: Gupima uburyo imiterere yibiziga ihuye neza nigishushanyo cyifuzwa. Reba kwihanganira ± 0.002 mm kubisobanuro byuzuye (urugero, lens optique) na ± 0.01 mm kugirango ukoreshwe muri rusange.
Umuvuduko wo gusya: Mubisanzwe m 15-35 m / s (metero kumasegonda). Ibiziga bya resin bifatanye bifata umuvuduko mwinshi (kugeza kuri 35 m / s) kugirango birangire vuba, mugihe ibiziga bifatanye nicyuma bikora neza kumuvuduko muto (15-25 m / s) kugirango bisya cyane.
Porosity: Umubare wibyuho hagati ya grit ibice. Umubyimba mwinshi (usanzwe muri resin bond) ugabanya gufunga nubushyuhe, mugihe ububobere buke (ibyuma byicyuma) byongera igihe kirekire kubikoresho bikomeye.

Ibyiza byingenzi bya Diamond Umwirondoro Wibiziga

Ugereranije n’ibiziga gakondo byangiza cyangwa ibindi bikoresho bisobanutse (urugero, gukata laser), ibiziga bya diyama bitanga inyungu eshanu zidatsindwa:

1. Icyitonderwa cyiza kandi gihamye

Ubukomezi bwa Diamond hamwe nu mwirondoro wabigenewe byerekana gukuraho ibintu kimwe no kwihanganirana. Kurugero, mubikorwa bya semiconductor, ibiziga bya diamant umwirondoro usya wafer ya silicon kugeza kubyimbye bya mm 50-100 (byoroshye kuruta umusatsi wumuntu) hamwe na zeru zitandukanye mubice.

2. Uburebure Burebure (Kugabanuka Kumwanya)

Diamond grit yambara ku gipimo cyikigereranyo cya oxyde ya aluminium cyangwa karubide ya silicon. Uruziga rumwe rwa diyama rushobora kumara inshuro 50-100 kurenza uruziga gakondo, kugabanya guhindura ibikoresho nigihe cyo kumurongo. Ku bakora ibinyabiziga, ibi bisobanura kugabanya ibiciro byo kubungabunga no gusohora byinshi.

3. Kwihuta Kwihuta

Ubushobozi bwa Diamond bwo kogosha ibikoresho bikomeye bigabanya igihe cyo gukora. Kurugero, gusya icyuma cyitwa ceramic turbine hamwe nuruziga rwa diyama bifata umwanya muto 30-50% ugereranije no gukoresha uruziga rwa aluminium oxyde ya vitamine - ni ingenzi cyane mu nganda nini cyane nko mu kirere.

4. Kugabanya ibyangiritse ku kazi

Ubushyuhe bwikiziga hamwe no kwerekana neza bigabanya inenge nko gukata (mu kirahure), guturika (muri ceramika), cyangwa guturika (mubyuma). Ibi bivanaho gukenera kurangiza icyiciro cya kabiri (urugero, umucanga cyangwa gusya), kuzigama igihe nigiciro cyakazi.

5. Guhindagurika Kurenze Ibikoresho

Bitandukanye nibikoresho kabuhariwe bikora kubintu bimwe gusa, ibiziga bya diamant umwirondoro bikora ibintu byinshi byoroshye:

Ikirahure (Windows, lens optique, ecran ya terefone)
Ubukorikori (gushiramo amenyo, imbaho za elegitoroniki, ibikoresho byo mu bwiherero)
Ibyuma (ibikoresho bya karbide ya tungsten, ibice byo mu kirere cya titanium, ibikoresho byubuvuzi bidafite ingese)
Kibuye (granite konttops, amabati ya marble, wafer ya semiconductor)

Byukuri-Isi Porogaramu ya Diamond Umwirondoro Wiziga

Ibiziga bya diyama bikoreshwa hafi yinganda zose zisaba gushushanya neza ibikoresho bikomeye. Dore imanza zikoreshwa cyane:

1. Ibyuma bya elegitoroniki na Semiconductor

Gutunganya Silicon Wafer: Inziga zometse kuri diamant umwirondoro wa diamant gusya no gusya wafer ya silicon kugeza mubwinshi bwa ultra-thin, bigatuma imikorere myiza ya microchips.
Ikibaho cyumuzunguruko Ceramic: Inziga zifatanije nicyuma zikata V-groove mu mbaho zubutaka kugirango inzu ibashe gukurikiranwa, ituma ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki byoroheje (urugero, telefone zigendanwa, mudasobwa zigendanwa).

2. Ikirere hamwe n’imodoka

Turbine Blade: Ibiziga bya diyama ya Vitrified-bond ikora imyirondoro ya 3D kuri titanium cyangwa nikel-alloy turbine blade, itanga imbaraga zo mu kirere no kurwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi.
Lens ya Automotive: Inziga zifatanije na resin zikora impande zegeranye (radii) kumatara cyangwa amatara maremare, kunoza urumuri no kuramba.

3. Ubuvuzi n'amenyo

Gutera amenyo: Inziga nziza ya diyama polish titanium yatewe hejuru neza, bigabanya ibyago byo kwandura no kuzamura ibinyabuzima.
Ibikoresho byo kubaga: Inziga zifatanije nicyuma zikarisha tungsten karbide scalpels hamwe na myitozo, byemeza neza muburyo bworoshye.

4. Kubaka no guhimba amabuye

Gukata Granite / Marble: Inziga nini zifatanije nicyuma cya diyama yerekana ibiziga bigabanya imiterere igoye (urugero, impuzu zigoramye, impande zishushanya) mumabuye karemano, itanga umusozo usize utabanje gukata.
Kwishyiriraho ibirahuri: V-groove inziga ya diyama yatemye ibirahuri by'ibikoresho byo kuvoma cyangwa ibirahuri byubatswe, byemeza neza, ndetse n'impande zihuye neza.

5. Imitako nubuhanga bwuzuye

Gutema amabuye y'agaciro: Ibiziga bya diyama bisanzwe hamwe n'amabuye y'agaciro (urugero, safiro, amabuye ya rubavu) kugira ngo yongere ubwiza bwabyo, kubera ko imiti ikomatanya idashobora guhuza neza na diyama.
Reba Ibigize: Inziga ntoya zifatanije nizunguruka zisya ibikoresho bito nisoko kumasaha meza, bikomeza kwihanganira ± 0.0005 mm.

Nigute wahitamo iburyo bwa Diamond Umwirondoro

Guhitamo uruziga rwiza kubyo ukeneye, kurikiza izi ntambwe:

Menya Ibikoresho Byakazi: Hitamo ubwoko bwububiko bushingiye ku gukomera (urugero, icyuma gihuza amabuye, resin kubutaka).
Sobanura Umwirondoro Ukenewe: Kugaragaza imiterere (V-groove, radiyo, nibindi) no kwihanganira (± 0.001 mm kubikorwa byuzuye).
Huza Uruziga na Grinder yawe: Menya neza ko diameter yibiziga hamwe nigipimo cyihuta gihuza nibikoresho byawe (reba umuvuduko mwinshi wa gride).
Reba Ingano yumusaruro: Kubikorwa byinshi, hitamo ibyuma biramba cyangwa vitrified bonds; kubintu bito-byuzuye, hitamo resin bonds.

Igihe cyo kohereza: Nzeri-07-2025