Uduce two gucukura amabuye: Ubuhanga bwo gukora amabuye, amatafari na sima

Imiterere y'agace k'icyuma gakoresha amabuye y'agaciro gakomeye

Buri gice cy'ubwubatsi ni igitangaza cy'ubuhanga bwagenewe kwihanganira gushyamirana gukomeye n'imbaraga z'impanuka:

• Umutwe wo gukata ufite uduce twa karubide: Igice cy'ubucuruzi gifite uduce twa karubide twa tungsten (ubwoko nka YG8C), dufatanye n'icyuma hakoreshejwe ubushyuhe bwinshi. Iki gikoresho gikomeye cyane (HRC 55+) kirasenya kandi kigakomeza kwangirika bishobora guhita bigabanya uduce twa HSS.
• Igishushanyo mbonera cy’umwirongi cyakozwe neza: Imyobo ibiri ikozwe mu cyuma cya Cr40 iyobora neza imyanda y’umukungugu kure y’umwobo. Ibi birinda gufatana no gushyuha cyane mu gihe byongera umuvuduko wo kwinjira kugeza kuri 40% ugereranije n’ibishushanyo mbonera by’umwirongi umwe.
• Jeometri y’ubuziranenge: Inguni y’umutwe wa 130° (± 2°) itanga uburinganire bwiza hagati yo gukata cyane n’ubuziranenge bw’imiterere, mu gihe imiterere y’imitwe ihanamye cyangwa iy’imitwe ine ikwirakwiza umutwaro ku mutwe ku buryo bungana kugira ngo irambe igihe kirekire.
  

  Ikoranabuhanga Rigezweho Riyobora Imikorere

  Ibikoresho n'amatafari bigezweho

  Ibice by'agaciro bikoresha irangi rya chromium/nickel rikoreshwa hakoreshejwe electrochemical deposition. Ibi bigabanya kwangirika kugeza kuri 30%, birinda ingese, kandi byongera igihe cyo gukora ndetse no mu gihe cyo gucukura amabuye y'umucanga cyangwa sima ikungahaye kuri silica. 1. Iyi substrate ikoresha icyuma cya manganese kinini kugira ngo irwanye umunaniro mwinshi mu gihe cy'impanuka.

  Ubuziranenge bwa ISO-Standard

  Inganda zikomeye zikurikiza amahame ya ISO 5468:2017, zizeza uburinganire bw'ibipimo:

  • Ubwinshi bw'inyuma kuva ku gice cyo hejuru kugera ku gice cyo hasi (uburemere bwa ≤0.05mm)
  • Imbere y'inkombe ikomeye kandi ifite ubuziranenge bwo gufunga
  • Inguni z'urufaya zometseho helix zakozwe neza kugira ngo zihutishe imyanda vuba

  Imiterere myiza yo gukata

  • Amabwiriza ya Carbide yo mu bwoko bwa Crosshead: Uduce tune twa carbide dufite imiterere ihamye dukora ahantu ho kwishyira hagati, bigatuma hatabaho kugenda no kwihutisha kwinjira muri beto ikozwe mu buryo bwa rebar.
  • Inama ku tubuto twa Parabolic/Spherical: Ku duce twa DTH (Down-The-Hole) ducukura ibikoresho bikomeye, ubu buryo butanga ubuzima inshuro 2-3 ugereranije n'uduce duto.
    

    Ikoranabuhanga Rigezweho Riyobora Imikorere

    Ibikoresho n'amatafari bigezweho

    Ibice by'agaciro bikoresha irangi rya chromium/nickel rikoreshwa hakoreshejwe electrochemical deposition. Ibi bigabanya kwangirika kugeza kuri 30%, birinda ingese, kandi byongera igihe cyo gukora ndetse no mu gihe cyo gucukura amabuye y'umucanga cyangwa sima ikungahaye kuri silica. 1. Iyi substrate ikoresha icyuma cya manganese kinini kugira ngo irwanye umunaniro mwinshi mu gihe cy'impanuka.

    Ubuziranenge bwa ISO-Standard

    Inganda zikomeye zikurikiza amahame ya ISO 5468:2017, zizeza uburinganire bw'ibipimo:

    • Ubwinshi bw'inyuma kuva ku gice cyo hejuru kugera ku gice cyo hasi (uburemere bwa ≤0.05mm)
    • Imbere y'inkombe ikomeye kandi ifite ubuziranenge bwo gufunga
    • Inguni z'urufaya zometseho helix zakozwe neza kugira ngo zihutishe imyanda vuba

    Imiterere myiza yo gukata

    • Amabwiriza ya Carbide yo mu bwoko bwa Crosshead: Uduce tune twa carbide dufite imiterere ihamye dukora ahantu ho kwishyira hagati, bigatuma hatabaho kugenda no kwihutisha kwinjira muri beto ikozwe mu buryo bwa rebar.
    • Inama ku tubuto twa Parabolic/Spherical: Ku duce twa DTH (Down-The-Hole) ducukura ibikoresho bikomeye, izi geometrie zitanga ubuzima inshuro 2-3 ugereranyije n'uduce duto.

    Impamvu uduce tw'ubukorikori bw'abahanga mu by'ubukorikori dukora neza kurusha utundi

    1. Kuramba Kudasa: Impande za karuboni zo mu rwego rw'inganda zigumana ubukana inshuro 8-10 ugereranyije n'izindi simbi za karuboni. Ibizamini byerekana ko uduce twa karuboni two mu bwoko bwa YG8C ducukura imyobo 500 muri sima ya C40 mbere yo kongera gusya.
    2. Gucunga ubushyuhe: Imyorongi zicukuwe (zidapfundikirwa) zigumana imiterere yihariye mu gihe cy'ubushyuhe, mu gihe ibyuma bikozwe mu cyuma birwanya ubushyuhe nubwo byaba kuri 600°C+ – ni ngombwa cyane mu gihe cyo gucukura ishingiro ryimbitse.
    3. Kugenzura Gutembera: Gushyira carbide mu buryo bwa tekiniki n'inguni zo ku mpera bigabanya gutembera kw'imitsi, bigatuma imikorere yoroha mu buryo bwo kuzunguruka na nyundo kuri 27.000 BPM (gutera ku munota).
    4. Gukuraho imyanda neza: Imyobo ibiri ikora "airlinge" ituma 95% by'ibice byaciwe bidakoreshejwe intoki - ni ingenzi cyane iyo hacukurwa hejuru cyangwa ahantu hafunganye.

    Guhitamo Igiciro Gikwiye: Inyigisho y'umuhanga

    • Beto y'amatafari/yoroshye: Hitamo uduce twa SDS Plus twa 6–12mm dufite imitwe y'ikigereranyo (urugero, DURATOOL SF//MAS12150). Irangi rya Chrome-nickel ririnda kwangirika kw'amatafari atukura.
    • Beto Ikomeye: Uduce twa 16–25mm (urugero, Henan DKSM666) ducagagura ibyuma bikikije icyuma. Koresha amashami ya SDS MAX kugira ngo ubone ubujyakuzimu >150mm.
    • Granite/Quartzite: Hitamo uduce twa DTH (urugero, MIROC BR2-95CC8) dufite inserts za karubide zifite ishusho ya ballistic. Ibyuma bifite manganese nyinshi bikurura impanuka y'ingufu.
    • Gucukura mu buryo bwimbitse: Inyongera za 540mm SDS MAX (nka Torkcraft MX54032) zifite ubushobozi bwo gucukura bwa 400mm zikomeza gutuza mu bice bifatanye.

    Hirya y'Ibice: Kongera Imikorere no Kuramba

    • Guhuza ibikoresho: Huza ibice n'ibipimo by'imashini yawe yo gucukura. Bosch GSB 185-LI (1.900 RPM, 27.000 BPM) irahebuje hamwe n'ibice bya 4–10mm SDS Plus byo gucukura umunsi wose.
    • Uburyo bwo gukonjesha: Ku burebure > mm 100, hagarara buri masegonda 45 kugira ngo ukureho ivumbi no gukonjesha igice. Gushyuha cyane byangiza ingingo zangiritse.
    • Uburyo bwo gutyaza: Koresha amadosiye atwikiriwe na diyama ku mitwe ya karuboni iyo kwinjira buhoro. Ntuzigere usya ibice by'icyuma - ibi bigabanya uburyo bwo kuvura ubushyuhe.

    Umwanzuro: Ubuhanga bw'Ubwubatsi buhuye n'imikorere ifatika

    Ibice bigezweho byo gucukura amabuye y'agaciro bigizwe n'ubumenyi bw'ibikoresho n'ikorwa ry'ubuhanga buhanitse - bihindura imbaraga z'inyamaswa mu gusenyuka kw'ibikoresho bigenzurwa. Kuva ku bipimo byemejwe na ISO kugeza ku byuma birwanya ubushyuhe na karubide yakozwe neza mu buryo bw'ikigereranyo, ibi bikoresho bituma bidashoboka. Byaba ari ugufata amatafari cyangwa gutobora muri sima ikungahaye kuri mm 400, guhitamo ikoranabuhanga rikwiye ry'ibice binini bitanga umusaruro wihuse, usukuye, kandi uhendutse. Uko ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi bitera imbere, ni ko no gucukura udushya mu bice binini bizakomeza, dukomeza gahunda yo kugabanya imikorere no kwihanganira ingaruka mbi.