Ubuyobozi Bukuru ku Bwombo Bwo Gukata Ikirahure: Ibiranga, Ikoranabuhanga, n'Ibyiza

Ubwoko bw'inkoni zo gukata ikirahure n'uburyo zikoreshwa

Guhitamo icyuma gikoreshwa ahanini bigenwa n'uburyo gikoreshwa, ubwoko bw'ikirahure, n'ubuhanga bukenewe. Ibyiciro by'ingenzi birimo:

• Udupira twa Diyama: Izi ni zo ntera y'ikoranabuhanga ryo gukata ikirahure. Udupira twa diyama dukozwe mu buryo bwa elegitoroniki dufite urwego rumwe rw'uduce twa diyama dufatanye ku nkengero, bitanga igikorwa gityaye cyane kandi cyihuse cyo gukata neza ku bwoko bwinshi bw'ibirahure. Ku bikorwa bigoye cyane, nko mu gukora ecran zikoresha ikoranabuhanga rigezweho, hakoreshwa diyama刀轮 (amapine y'icyuma cya diyama). Izi zishobora gukorwa hakoreshejwe amenyo magufi ku gipimo cya mikorosikopi—amwe mato nka mikoroni imwe afite ubuziranenge bwa nanometero ± 100—bituma hakorwa isuku kandi igenzurwa neza nta kwangirika gukabije ku buso bw'ibirahure.
• Utwuma dukomeye tw'icyuma/Alloy: Akenshi dukorwa mu tungusteni-cobalt-titanium, utu twuma ni igisubizo gihendutse kandi cyizewe cyane mu gukata ibirahure muri rusange no mu nganda. Dukunze kuboneka mu byuma bikata ubwoko bwa T n'imashini zikoresha intoki zo gukata ibirahure birebire, ibirahure bifite ibishushanyo, n'amatafari. Ibicuruzwa bikunze gushakisha ibikoresho by'igiciro biva mu bihugu nka Ubuyapani na Koreya y'Epfo kugira ngo bikomeze igihe kirekire.
• Udupira twa Ultrasonic Diamond Composite: Tugaragaza intambwe ikomeye mu ikoranabuhanga, utu dupira duhuza vibration ya Ultrasonic n'inkombe ya diyama. Sisitemu irimo moteri ya Ultrasonic, transducer, n'inkoni ihindura amplitude yongera vibration. Udupira dupima ikirahure, hanyuma vibration ya Ultrasonic ikwirakwira mu murongo w'amanota, bigatuma ikirahure gicikamo kabiri. Ibi bituma inkombe irushaho kuba nziza kandi bigabanya cyane umuvuduko w'ibicuruzwa bifite inenge.

Ibiranga ikoranabuhanga by'ingenzi

Ibyuma bigezweho byo gukata ibirahure birimo ubuhanga buhanitse kugira ngo bigere ku musaruro udasanzwe.

• Gutunganya imirasire ya Micro-Nano Laser: Inganda zigezweho zikoresha ikoranabuhanga rya laser kugira ngo zikore amenyo magufi ahoraho kandi akwirakwira neza kuri diyama. Uru rwego rwo gukora neza rutuma habaho kugenzura neza (agace kamenetse ku ruhande) no (ubujyakuzimu bw'ikirahure), ibi bikaba ari ingenzi cyane mu gukata ikirahure neza nta kwangirika kw'ubuso.
• Ishusho yihariye y'ubuso bw'inkombe: Imiterere y'inkombe y'icyuma ni ingenzi cyane. Hari ibyuma bimwe na bimwe by'ibikoresho bikomeye bifite ubuso buvanze bufite inguni nyamukuru (imfuruka y'intangiriro) ya 20-40° kugira ngo ikomere n'ubuso bubiri bwa 5-18° kugira ngo icurwe neza, bikongera cyane kuramba no gukatwa ugereranije n'imiterere y'imfuruka imwe.
• Ubuhanga mu by’ikoranabuhanga mu buryo bwikora: Mu mashini zikata zikoresha ikoranabuhanga mu kwerekana amashusho nka TFT na OLED, ibyuma ni bimwe mu bigize sisitemu ikora neza cyane. Izi sisitemu zifite uburyo bwo kugenzura ubujyakuzimu n’umuvuduko w’amajwi mu buryo bw’ikoranabuhanga (nk’uko bigaragara kuri 0.001MPa), gushyiraho ibikoresho byikora, hamwe n’ubushobozi bwo gukoresha ibikoresho bitandukanye by’ibyuma—ibumba, imvange, cyangwa diyama—mu mirimo yihariye.

Ibyiza byo gukoresha icyuma gikwiye

Guhitamo icyuma gikwiye bitanga inyungu zifatika mu gikorwa cyose cyo gukora.

• Ubwiza Budasanzwe: Akamaro k'ibanze ni umusozo utagira inenge. Ibyuma byiza bigabanya gucika, bigabanya kwangirika gato ku ruhande, kandi bigatuma umurongo wacitsemo ibice ugenzurwa neza, bigatuma ucika neza kandi ugasa neza bidasaba ko utunganywa neza nyuma yo gutegurwa.
• Igihe cyo Gukoresha Cyaragutse Cyane: Ibyuma byiza bimara igihe kirekire cyane. Icyuma gikomeye cyo mu bwoko bwa alloy gishobora kumara igihe kirekire kurusha ibyuma bisanzwe inshuro 3 kugeza kuri 6, kikagabanya metero 30.000 kugeza kuri 60.000. Ibyuma bya ceramic bishobora kumara igihe kirenga inshuro 11 ugereranyije n'ibyuma bisanzwe, bigagabanya inshuro zo guhinduranya no gutakaza imyanda.
• Kongera Umusaruro Uboneye: Kuramba no gukora neza bigira ingaruka nziza ku musaruro. Ibyuma bigezweho bishobora kongera ubushobozi bwo gukata inshuro 5 kugeza ku 10 ugereranije n'ibikoresho bisanzwe. Mu buryo bwikora, bituma umuvuduko wo gukata ugera ku bice 15.000 ku isaha ku byuma biyerekana.
• Igabanuka ry'Ibiciro by'Imirimo: Nubwo ishoramari rya mbere rishobora kuba riri hejuru, kuzigama igihe kirekire ni byinshi. Kuramba igihe kirekire bivuze ko icyuma gikoreshwa mu buryo buke, mu gihe gukoresha neza cyane no kwangirika guke bigabanya imyanda y'ibikoresho no kudakora neza.

Guhitamo Icyuma Gikwiye: Ubuyobozi bwihuse

• Ku bijyanye n'ikirahure gikoreshwa n'intoki n'ibirahure rusange: Udukoresho two gukata two mu bwoko bwa T cyangwa udukoresho two gukata udupira dufite ibyuma bikomeye bya alloy ni byiza cyane. Dutanga uburyo butandukanye bwo gukora ku bunini kuva kuri mm 1 kugeza kuri mm 25 kandi ni byiza cyane ku mpapuro z'ibirahure, imiyoboro, n'amatafari.
• Ku bijyanye no gukata ibikoresho by’inganda bifite amashanyarazi menshi: Ibyuma by’icyuma gikozwe mu buryo bwa diyama bikozwe mu buryo bwa elegitoroniki ni byo bikenerwa mu kuramba kwabyo no kwihuta mu gukata ku murongo w’ikorwa ryabyo.
• Ku birahuri byoroshye cyane kandi bifite ikoranabuhanga (TFT, LCD): Ibikoresho bya diyama cyangwa diyama ikoze muri ultrasonic ni ingenzi cyane. Bitanga uburyo bworoshye bwo gukoresha nanometer kandi bigafasha mu gucikamo ibice bisukuye kandi bigenzurwa neza, bikenewe ku bikoresho byoroshye kandi bifite agaciro kanini.